Behaviorism, Cognitive, and Humanistic Essay example

Behaviorism, Cognitive and Humanistic All Summed Up Janice M. Brown Aspects of Psychology Professor Trego November 8, 2012 Behaviorism, Cognitive, and Humanistic Behaviorism, cognitive and humanistic are all perspectives (or theories) of psychology. Behaviorism is a perspective that suggests that all behaviors are learned. What I mean by that is according to John B. Watson who founded the school of psychology, suggests the behaviors can be measured, trained, and changed. [ (Cherry, 2012) ] Based on article written by Kendra Cherry, behaviorism is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning and there are two major types of conditioning which are Classical conditioning and Operant†¦show more content†¦Cognitive psychology is a pure science based mainly on laboratory experiments and began to revolutionize psychology in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s and became the dominant approach in psychology by the late 1970’s [ (McLeod, 2007) ] according to Saul McLeod. An example of the cognitive perspective would be when one learns to take blood pressure. First you must le arn how to manipulate the blood pressure manometer, learn how to hear blood pressure sounds and understand the meaning of the sounds. As each time you practice these activity, you will gain more confidence and competence in performing the task. The strong point of this perspective is that it mostly uses rigorous scientific methods and the approach has had many practical applications. The weakness of this perspective is that it is to simplistic. It ignores the complexity of the human function, biological influences of the human function and it ignores the emotions, conscious experience and free will. Humanistic perspective is a psychological perspective popularized by Carlo Rogers and Abraham Maslow that emphasizes the human capacity for choice and growth. This perspective offers a very positive viewpoint of human nature and potential. It suggests that we are each responsible for our own happiness and well-being as humans. â€Å"The humanistic approach emphasizes the personal worth of the individual, the centrality of humanShow MoreRelatedPsychological Approaches : Behaviorism, Cognitive And Humanistic Approach1659 Words   |  7 Pages1.1 Analysis of three psychological approaches; behaviourism, cognitive and humanistic. Three psychological approaches will be discussed in this essay, it will analyse the strengths and limitations of each the humanistic, cognitive and the humanistic approach. This essay will consider the contributions made to therapies in the modern life; evaluate how valid the methodology is using case studies to back up these theories and how they contribute to each other to becoming an approach. The behaviouristRead MoreSnapshot1702 Words   |  7 Pagesneuroscientist Mark Solms and other researchers in the emerging field of neuro-psychoanalysis have argued for Freuds theories, pointing out brain structures relating to Freudian concepts such as libido, drives, the unconscious, and repression. Behaviorism Behaviorism arose partly due to the popularity of laboratory-based animal experimentation and partly in reaction to Freudian psychodynamics, which was difficult to test empirically because, among other reasons, it tended to rely on case studies and clinicalRead MoreFoundation of Psychology773 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor theories within psychology. Over the years there are many schools of thoughts in psychology that has developed, that are in addition to the main eight which are structuralism, functionalism, rationalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, Gestalt psychology, and Cognitive Psychology. . The first school of thought, structuralism was endorsed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford Titchner between 1890-1920 in Germany and the US. This school of thought analyzes the mental processesRead MoreThe Qualities Of Myself That Stand Out1557 Words   |  7 Pagesis true. We tend to base our characteristics off of the theories such as behaviorist, humanistic, psychoanalytic, biological, and cognitive. Behaviorism is founded in the premise of behaviors that can be described scientifically using facets of philosophy and methodology but also suggesting that theory and not physiological constraints explain the behaviors of humanity. Moore suggests that radical behaviorism is not biological but philosophical in its origin. Moore also contends that virtually allRead MoreHumanistic Psychology Essay1631 Words   |  7 Pageslearning, organizations, and other group settings. Even though psychoanalysis and behaviorism have made major contributions to psychology, it has influenced the understanding and practices of the humanistic movement, specifically with the therapies for the different mental disorders. Psychoanalysis understands the unconscious behavior, behaviorism focuses on the conditioning process that produces behavior. Humanistic psychology focuses on the persons potential to act as a whole person in a nurturingRead MoreApplying Learning Theory Of Life1507 Words   |  7 Pagesm akes us who we are as individuals. Behaviorism: Behaviorism is the belief that behavior is observable that can be objectively measured. This approach deals with the belief that behavior is a result of some sort of stimulus and the environment in which the person is in. This theory can be described as watching the actions and reactions of certain people in response to a specific stimulus, is the only way to learn their behavior. It is also thought in behaviorism that the way of learning determinesRead MoreSchool of Thoughts in Psychology1604 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced by the work of William James. Major functionalist thinkers included John Dewey and Harvey Carr. Behaviorism: Behaviorism became the dominant school of thought during the 1950’s. Based upon the work of thinkers such as John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner, behaviorism holds that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes, rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior. Theories of learning including classical conditioning and operant conditioningRead MoreMajor Schools of Thought in Psychology829 Words   |  4 Pagestheories. Other major psychoanalytic thinkers include: ï‚ § Anna Freud ï‚ § Carl Jung ï‚ § Erik Erikson. Humanistic Psychology Humanistic psychology developed as a response to psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Humanistic psychology instead focused on individual free will, personal growth and the concept of self-actualization. While early schools of thought were largely centered on abnormal human behaviour, humanistic psychology differed considerably in its emphasis on helping people achieve and fulfill theirRead MorePsychology1731 Words   |  7 Pagesan alternative to  Structuralism (psychology).  While functionalism never became a formal school, it built on structuralism s concern for the anatomy of the mind and led to greater concern over the functions of the mind, and later to behaviorism. Behaviorism- Behaviorism (also called the behavioral approach) was the primary paradigm in psychology between 1920s to 1950 and is based on a number of underlying assumptions regarding methodology and behavioral analysis: Psychology should be seen as a scienceRead MorePsychology as a Pradigm Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pageslasting paradigm in psychology due to its restrictive and subjective nature, inhibiting some of elements from being measured. However, functionalism did not fade as easy as Wundt’s theory of introspection. Instead, it was replaced with behaviorism (Locurto, 2013). Behaviorism has two individuals that serve as major pioneers for the field, John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Watson, known as the father of the behaviorist movement, believed that psychology, as a behaviorist, views it is a purely objective

Analysis Of Fea Abaqus, Adaptive Mesh ( Ale ) Method

MN5561 FEA REPORT Student Number: 1337150 ABSTRACT In FEA ABAQUS, adaptive mesh (ALE) method is one of the most important elements to maintain a high-quality mesh throughout an analysis in a case that large deformation causes element distortion. The purpose of this master of engineering report is to use adaptive meshing in simulation of an axisymmetric forging problem where highly deformation was seen. Meanwhile, investigating results of elastic-plastic deformation simulation in FEA ABAQUS. Through finishing the simulation under different mesh sizes and mesh types in ABAQUS, rectangle type meshing is better for this forging problem and the best final element size is 3 mm (normal). 1. DESCRIPTION OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION 1.1†¦show more content†¦It is aimed to make one area with including the adaptive mesh (ALE) control effect. Figure 4: Dividing the blank for mesh With the sketch completed already, the assembly between the die and blank can be done quickly in assembly region through creating instances from parts region and translate them together to satisfy the Figure 1. It will be analysed as shown in Figure 5. Note that it is greatly significate to set a reference point for the die in the part model, which directly effects defining the boundary condition and success of the simulation in the end of the job model. Figure 5: the assembly between the die and blank 1.3 Applying the Material Properties The material properties for ASTM A285 Grade B Carbon Steel came from steel material properties databases on the MakeItFrom website. Table shown blow provides the mechanical properties also found in steel material properties databases. Tensile Strength(Ultimate) 420Mpa Tensile Strength(Yield) 200Mpa Density 7.84 kg/m^3 Poisson’s Rate 0.3 Young’s Modulus 210000Mpa Table 1: Mechanical Properties of ASTM A285 Grade B Carbon Steel To perform the elastic-plastic analysis, one material had to be created. This material has five physical properties that need to be applied to the test specimen which are Density, Young’s Modulus, Poisson’s Rate, Yield stress and

Ikea in Japan And United Kingdom

Question: Discuss about theIkea in Japan And United Kingdom. Answer: Ikea Ikea stands as a multinational chain of retail organizations that projects and crafts organized sets of amassing the furniture as well as domestic equipment and fittings. The Company originated in the land of Sweden in 1943 but disseminated its services along 48 discreet nations of the world.. The constituents represent sustainable values with environmentally friendly objects to glorify the decency of innovation and upsurge the views of product expansion with 12000 varieties in more than 388 operating zones across the globe. It has quite cheater prices of elements and mostly founded on wooden base. The revenues production displays a value of 29.293 billion as per the statistical analysis of 2014. The present status of employees comprises a summation of 172,000 as global illustration (www.ikea.com, 2016). Differences in Outlooks of Employee Management of UK and Japan (Non-Standard Work, Dual patterns of Employer, Coordination, Outsourcing and Organizational Fragmentation) Ikea in UK mainly targets to capture the women and younger cohorts for its production of unique products. The company claims to follow the minimum necessities of the suppliers code for the doctrines of performance while distributing and delivering the products and amenities to the destined locations. There exists a disparity in the recruitment of labours and other categories of employees that lead to administrative fragmentation as the contractual workers are not liable to obey all the regulations of workplace that applies in the case of established employees (Mazenod, 2013). This disturbs the internal harmony owing to the variations in inter-personal relationships and presents the degraded value of standardization of effort. The reclusive insolence of particular labors may be focused out with the candidness of interface between the workforces as well as the employer. This suggests the group to evaluate the operative value but the analysis of the communication strategies indicates th e recording of performances as per the cultural implication of the guidelines and industrial variations modified by the employer (Schmitt, 2012)..The declaration that the home-based supplying vendor will compensate its supervisors with a least possible payment of 9.15 per hour in the city of London besides a sum of 7.85 crossways the other parts of United Kingdom since April labeled as an enormous novelty by dint of the crusade of living earnings It attempts to resolves an intensification in the system of compensation for additional 4,500 workers and proclaims the dual patterns of behavior of the employer (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The potentialities of Japanese counterpart related to the workforces are from time to time not seamlessly acknowledged by the device of acquisition. The employees from precise zones of aptitude are not apportioned with the obligatory tasks and job timetables. There is no specific duration of functional procedures. The experiences are essential to be flawlessly accorded with the requirements of the particular post with functional illustration. The operators need to be skilled and competent to meet the criteria (Dowling et al. 2013). The preoccupation of newfangled workers instead of aged personnel counting both the sexes generates the underpinning of the dual actions of the employer including structural disintegration. This enables the employers to offer fewer extents of wages to the inexperienced and child workers. The communal ambition of the delicacy of the judgments of convergence is instinctive for the domestic financial circumstances in Japan. The Japanese employees depend on on the implication of anticipation of the Hofstedes avoidance that crops the idea of national and collective defense (Machado, 2015). Similarities in Perspectives of Employee Management (non-Standard work, Dual Patterns of Employer, Coordination, Outsourcing and Organizational Fragmentation) The determinations and philosophies of HRM are required to be evocatively applied in obtaining, developing, upholding the happenings additionally so long as rewards to labours are concomitant with the business. There are varied patterns of non-standard employment in both European and Asian chapters of Ikea production. The workers are continuously hired for multipurpose assignments, say, for short or long tedious hours on hourly or daily or weekly basis of payment structure (Jones, 2015). The exertion of child labour is a negative aspect compared to other business organizations. There is quite a considerable share of women participants in discreet positions of the unit. Sometimes, the employees are recruited for contractual service that degrades the essence of the working standards as the pattern of operational pursuits differ with the regulatory framework ascertained for the permanent employees. It facilitates the management to devise a less-sophisticated scale of payment infrastruct ure for the recruited personnel that resolves the economic problems for the specific phase of functional system (Philip and Sharma, 2013). The outsourcing of individuals for diverse causes may not promote to upsurge the level of performance with appropriate forms of knowledge and awareness to fulfil the objectives of organizations. There exists a vital difference among temporary and perpetual staff members in remunerations and rewards for excellence at work. The supplementary benefits for health and social care with legal aids are not provided to the contractual labours. Assertions on diverse features of exertions must be consistent and precise with other social stand-in decisions. It confers to a series of predictable and progressive drivers through wide-ranging workspaces and consultations with prolific negotiations. The personnel need to go through dynamic preparation to promote the standards of proficiency with communicative services to interchange their visualization and opinio ns (Hyondong and Sung-Choon, 2011). Figure: Hofstedes cultural Difference (Source: www.devond.com, 2016) References Anastasia, P. (2014) 'European Judicial Training: Promoting The Development Of Standardised Training Materials And An Interactive Training Methodology'. ERA Forum 15(3), pp. 319-324. Armstrong, M and Taylor, S. (2014) Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. 13th ed. London: Kogan Page Limited DevOnD - Development On Demand. (2016). Hofstede model - DevOnD - Development On Demand. [online] Available at: https://www.devond.com/strumenti/pensiero-laterale/ [Accessed 25 Oct. 2016]. Dowling, P., Marion F., and Allen D. (2013) International Human Resource Management. Andover: Cengage Learning Hyondong, P. and Sung-Choon, K. (2011) 'Strategic HR Functions And Firm Performance: The Moderating Effects Of High-Involvement Work Practices'. Asia Pac J Manag 30(1), pp. 91-113. Jones, R. (2015). Ikea adopts the living wage for UK staff in 'massive breakthrough'. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/jul/20/ikea-adopts-living-wage-uk-staff [Accessed 25 Oct. 2016]. Machado, C (2015) International Human resource Management: challenges and changes Springer Mathis, R. L. and Jackson, J. H. (2011) Human Resource Management: Essential Perspectives, 4th ed. London: Kogan Page Limited Mazenod, A. (2013) 'Engaging Employers In Workplace Training - Lessons From The English Train To Gain Programme'. International Journal of Training and Development 18(1), pp.53-65. Philip, A., and Sharma, S. (2013) 'A Stochastic Reward Net Approach For Reliability Analysis Of A Flexible Manufacturing Module'. Int J Syst Assur Eng Manag 4(3), pp. 293-302. Schmitt, N. (2012) The Oxford Handbook of Personnel Assessment and Selection, Oxford: Oxford University Press www.ikea.com, (2016). Ikea-code-of-conduct-the-iway-standard [online] Available at: https://www.ikea.com/ms/sv_SE/pdf/reports-downloads/ikea-code-of-conduct-the-iway-standard.pdf [Accessed 25 Oct. 2016].

Summary of the first confession Essay Example

Summary of the first confession Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the first confession specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the first confession specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the first confession specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Summary of the first confession The First Confession is a short story that talks about the experiences of a young boy, his family and the different events that shape his environment. The story begins with Jackie’s grandmother moving in to live with them at their home. The arrival of their grandmother is welcomed differently by the family members. While his mother was skeptical of her arrival, his father and sister, Nora was particularly fond and supportive of the old woman’s arrival. Jackie, on the other hand, did not like his grandmother’s attitude and behavior. She had a peculiar habit of going about life as if she was still in the countryside that included her unusual diet of potatoes and porter. Jackie was particularly averse to her cooking that landed him in trouble with his father. One event that made Jackie very apprehensive was the confession and communion. It was his first time, therefore; he was rather taken aback by Ryan, the old woman who administered the confessions. Ryan was almost as old as his grandmother was and had a great liking for preparing children for confession by dishing out stories about hell. Some of Ryan’s stories included one that involved a priest who was visited in his sleep by a man who did not confess all his sins. The man was regretfully asking the priest for another chance before he was suddenly sucked into hell before he could do so. Mrs. Ryan also gave the children daunting tasks such as displaying the intensity of the fire in hell by daring the children to hold their fingers over a candle flame. Mrs. Ryan also had a conscience exercise where she subjected all the children to the best ways of examining their inner selves. After this exercise, Jackie felt extremely guilty about all the things she had done to her grandmother. As much as these tactics were horrifying, they were also efficient in changing the children’s attitudes towards being truthful in the confessions. Jackie, therefore, tried to evade confession but Mrs. Ryan was particularly keen on all the children attending it so she sent for Jackie along with all the other children. On the way to the church, Nora tormented and criticized her for her bad behavior. Nora went in for confession before Jackie and soon enough came out in a pretentious holy pose. When it was Jackie’s turn, he entered the confession box and immediately became very confused. Jackie made a mistake and climbed on the shelf above the conversation window. When the priest slid back the window, he caught sight of Jackie dropping from the shelf that made him burst in a fit of angry questions over what Jackie was doing on the shelf. The question startled Jackie, and he fell flat on the church aisle outside the box. Nora then rushed and hit him in full view of the priest and the other church members. The priest stopped Nora from spanking Jackie and sent her away. The priest then told Jackie to wait for the other members to finish their confessions, as it was his first time that made him somewhat happier. Soon enough the priest called Jackie into confession. Jackie started on the issue of his grandmother whom he described as awful and evil. Jackie told the priest how his grandmother had favored his sister over him and how his father sided with the old woman. Jackie also revealed his plot to kill his grandmother and cut her into little pieces, as well as trying to kill his sister Nora by stabbing her with a bread knife. These confessions of murder surprised the priest especially because they were emanating from a very young boy. The priest, after hearing Jackie’s confessions, informed him of his wrongdoing and that if he did those wrong things, he would end up being hanged by the state. After ten minutes, they both left the confession box and walked up to the churchyard where the priest gave Jackie a couple of Bullseyes on which to suck. Nora immediately inquired what Jackie had not confessed to the priest. Jackie replied that he had said everything that he had though of doing o r had done. Jackie then told her than he had only been given three Hail Marys that irked Nora even more. In the end, even Nora regretted trying to pretend she was very well behaved and good.