White Teeth an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

White Teeth Zadie Smith's White Teeth is a wonderfully conflicting story that reaches out through a quarter century of two families' digestion in North London. The book fittingly portrays a multi-ethnic depiction of London in White Teeth, as some other sort of depiction would not have appeared well and good. The story mixes feeling and cleverness, at the same time showing the predicaments of outsiders and new age workers as they face another, and totally different social framework. One can undoubtedly see certain characteristics and negativities about various societies while they are differentiated in an alternate culture. Center and regular workers British societies are likewise parodied through the characters of the Chalfens and Archie. Despite the fact that the story travels through various time periods, it centers fundamentally around the guardians and offspring of the socially and ethnically different families. Need exposition test on White Teeth theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Our Customers Usually Tell Us: Who needs to compose article for me? Paper scholars recommend: Essaylab.Com Offers A Top-Quality Academic Essay Montage Papers For Sale Affordable Papers Review Custom Writing Service Cheap Essay Writing Service This book additionally researches the ideas of human relationship. Archie and Samad stay old buddies disregarding the bombed connections of their families and culture. the sort of fellowship an Englishman makes on vacation, that he can make just on vacation. A fellowship that crosses class and shading, a kinship that takes as its premise physical vicinity and endures in light of the fact that the Englishman accept the physical closeness won't proceed. Magid and Millat, however genuine siblings, don't care for eachothers ways and never become approachable as they had been seperated in their adolescence at their dads position to keep in any event one of them connected to his underlying foundations. Samad needs to save his social legacy in a city like London where he sees spoiled culture and qualities. You would waste time letting him know... that the primary indication of tooth rot is something spoiled, something degenerate, profound inside the gums. Roots were what spared, the ropes one tosses out to protect suffocating me, to Save their Souls. He tells Magid, You'll express gratitude toward me at long last. This present nation's horrible. We destroy each other in this nation. While the truth of the matter is that the nation where he has his underlying foundations is soiled by viciousness. In another rate, Magid and Millat get Samad with Poppy; he sees their white teeth gnawing into two waxy apples. In this area, Samad speaks to Ev e, gnawing into the prohibited natural product, named Poppy his children educator. In a picture that enhances Samads bad behavior, Magid and Millat eat the apples, the indication of unique sin. Samads model prompts his kids for comparative offense. Molars are the teeth that help bite the food to retain it. The title of the area Molars infers that Magid and Millat, the two siblings are processing what their dad does and gaining from it. FutureMouse is a center character and pushes the story forward in White Teeth. FutureMouses life has been customized and structured by Marcus Chalfen, yet it get away, evidently to delineate its own life. In this sense FutureMouse has a comparative drive as different people in the story, Magid, Millat and Irie. No different streets, no botched chances, no equal prospects. No re-thinking, no what-uncertainties, no might-have-beens. Just assurance. Only conviction in its most flawless structure. All the characters seem to search for the new measurements in the new century life and test those as system for serenity and happiness. The book presents such an ideological separate, where post-sixties Chalfenism goes legitimately against the Islamism of Millat's KEVIN gathering (Keepers of the Eternal and Victorious Islamic Nation), the prophetically calamitous Christian conservatism of Bowdenism and the vegetarian longs for the basic entitlements development. Smith disparages uniformly the entirety of her characters, maintaining a wry, somewhat world-exhausted perspective that saves none and conveys no careful arrangement, making rather such a jubilee of disarray, a take pleasure in the sheer complexity of circumstances and logical results that develop the characters in the book. Smith presents three distinct articulations of fundamentalism, warily seperating them from essentials. In the initial two, KEVIN a fanatic group committed to coordinate, frequently rough activity, a splinter bunch disapproved of by the remainder of the Islamic people group; well known with the sixteen-to-twenty-five age gathering; dreaded and disparaged in the press. and FATE, numerous individuals have disguised goals. For instance, Millats needs to be a hoodlum, and a few individuals, for example, Mo Hussein-Ishmael, join just to pick up status. Thus, Joshua and different individuals from FATE are included just to draw nearer to either Jolie or Crispin. Consequently however, they seem, by all accounts, to be together for a pronounced reason, anyway every one of them have various plans. Smith has insightfully uncovered the truth of genuine such associations. Then again, Hortense and Ryan Topps accept earnestly in being Jehovahs Witnesses, and are glad living unspectacular, isolated lives with little energy. They are genuine fundamentalists with no ulterior thought processes. Again Smith has demonstrated the ways of life of genuine devotees. The entirety of the sorts of fundamentalism in the book contrast and the normal existences of Archie and Samad. The tight perspectives on all the fundamentalist gatherings are uncovered at the Future mouse meeting. Their lone target is to cause others to comprehend their perspective, and their interest with fundamentalism segregates them from one another: Millat from Magid, Joshua from Marcus, and Ryan from building up an ordinary relationship with a lady. In White Teeth, the author raises the well established Nature/Nurture conversations, which are established in the organic sciences. Thinking about Smith's treatment of the twins, Magid and Millat, one may wrap up with that she inclines toward sustain to nature- - that is, understanding over the inherent. While the two siblings are hereditarily comparable, they are in any case totally unique. Magid is scholastic and conscious, while Millat is ignored and rebellious. Since they are indistinguishable twins, their disparities must be credited to their encounters: Magid's early stages in Bangladesh and Millat's at home. Smith presents another comparative division with Joyce and Marcus. Joyce is a nurturer and Marcus is an adherent to nature. Joyce is a devoted horticulturalist and mother; she wants to take an errant youngster, for example, Millat and change him as a respectful individual simply like supporting any of the plants. She focuses Millat and Irie's insufficiencies because of mis sing of a solid dad figure, suggesting that they were not sustained appropriately. Simultaneously, she overlooks her own child Joshua, and along these lines not developing him, she lets him develop wild. Marcus represents the nature side of the Nature/Nurture conversation. He commits his life to the suggestion that adjusting something's temperament modifies it for all time. He ensures that the FutureMouse mouse can't flight its tendency, which is to develop the malignant growths he designs into its qualities. Archie is continually leaving his most significant choices up to flip of a coin: to murder or not to slaughter Perret, regardless of whether Magid and Millat should sign up once more, and whether he ought to end it all. In any event, when he needed to shoot Perret and thusly is shot in his leg from his own firearm by Perret, he shouts, For fuckssake, for what reason did you do that? It's tails. Could it be any more obvious? It's tails. Looks. Tails. It was tails. Since little spurs Archie to the point of taking a choice, giving up control of his life fulfills him. Consequently, it is absolutely unforeseen of him when he bounces before Millat's weapon in the book's last second. A rchie's ambivalent endeavors of self destruction and his unconstrained decision to hazard his life at the FutureMouse meeting, shows how essentially Archie develops all through the book. Lastly, rather than leaving his choices to a coin, Archie bets by confiding in himself. It gives him part of satisfaction to realize that he has genuinely and steadfastly spared a real existence. Smith's multicultural cast of characters is a cross-area of todays London. In the least complex sense, there is a mix of English, Jamaicans, and Bengalis. In any case, Smith is excessively handy in her evaluations of human character to leave the issue of race and ethnicity so obvious. Her entertainers are struck up between various societies. When Clara is an adolescent she, as Millat, is entranced by her folks' convention. At the point when she wanders from her inheritance the first run through, her teeth are broken. At the point when she meanders a subsequent time by wedding Archie, Hortense abandons her. Millat faces comparative destiny when he wanders from Samad's groundwork for him to have customary, Bengali perspectives. Samad considers him a slacker while loving Magid. As a converse activity, Millat turns into an aggressor fundamentalist. He's a Pande where it counts. What's more, there's insurrection in his blood. Incongruously, he draws motivation from a film the Godfather. A ccordingly, as opposed to following Pande, he imitates Pacino. While Samad himself is a poser when he remarks, To the unadulterated everything is unadulterated. Magid is likewise wedged between societies, yet wanders the other way. He discovers inspiration in the common, holding onto hereditary designing as the new type of God. Irie is caught between societies in her very hereditary qualities, as she is Jamaican just as English. Not at all like Samad, Archie and Clara dont need to compel their youngster to grasp a specific social legacy. As said in the book A heritage isn't something you can plus or minus by decision, and there are no convictions in this clingy business of legacy. Other shows of blended ethnicity in the novel incorporate Samad's eatery, where the food is so anglicized it is not, at this point Indian, and O'Connell's, an Irish bar run by a

Steve Wozniak essays

Steve Wozniak expositions From the start I had started conceptualizing attempting to think about a subject for this paper. I had heard Mr. Perry discuss Apple PC and of Steve occupations. His ascent to power and his transgress then his resurrection, similar to the phoenix from in fantasies and legends ascending from his own remains. Anyway I didnt think a lot about the subject. So I settled regarding the matter of Apple PCs. At that point the more I inquired about I found an all the more fascinating subject. In the following not many pages I am going to endeavor to do equity of the achievements of Steve Wozniak. No not the other Steve, I discovered Steve Wozniak an additionally intriguing individual essentially in light of the fact that I had never known about the man. I never new he existed. Being of lesser information than most regarding the matter of PCs I thought that it was interesting. The way Steve Wozniak got things done. Steve Wozniak was conceived in 1950. A gen X-er he experienced childhood in rural Santa Clara Valley, California with his folks and kin. His dad was a specialist for Lockheed and his mom was the leader of a Republican Womens Club. He was into gadgets vigorously even as a youngster and youthful adolescent. While taking a gander at a magazine article he detected a chart for a basic adding machine called the One-Bit-Adder-Subtractor. Woz, as his companions called him, analyzed the plans and made upgrades. In Cupertino Science Fair he brought home first prize with the Ten Bit Parallel Adder Subtractor. It was his first endeavor at building a PC. This would be the start of an extraordinary learning period no doubt. In middle school he had just shown himself how to configuration programs in codes. At property secondary school he retained all that he could about gadgets and material science. He admission exceeded his partners in class. After he graduated he went on to the University of Colorado however failed out. You see he was exhausted with school since he was so keen. At any rate that is the thing that he tells everybody. Coming back to Ca... <!

Staying Away From Poor Sample Papers

Staying Away From Poor Sample PapersIn the recent past, it was quite difficult to find samples of classification essay. It used to be very difficult and time consuming to obtain. This is because writing a good essay in this field is not an easy job. A student who wants to write a paper on the subject will have to pay a lot of attention to detail.The students who go for the standard essays are usually those who do not have any idea about the subject matter. They do not know what would be the best material to put in their essays. There is no doubt that most of the writers would feel disappointed when they read the papers written by these students. Writing the papers without proper knowledge, can only result in them being graded lower than the other students.The most important thing that the students should remember while writing a good essay is that the focus should be on the topic and the details that are related to the topic. This does not mean that the writer should try to write wit h technical jargon. He should just choose words that are useful in explaining the subject. It is these technical terms that are most commonly used in the field of science.Since there are various methods of writing a paper, the writer should therefore choose the method that is most suitable for him. If the writer is a student of chemistry then he should choose chemistry as his major. Students from other disciplines should choose physics, biology, etc.There are a few important things that should be kept in mind while preparing for writing a paper. The student should first determine the subject he wishes to write about. It is always better to have an idea about the nature of the subject before writing a paper on it. This will help the student in focusing on the topic of the paper.Thenext step is to find out a sample of classification essay that is written by a good writer. There are various websites on the Internet that provide samples of classification essay for free. These samples wi ll be useful for the writer and the reader.The student should also look at the works of other writers. There are many books and journals which contain samples of classification essay. These samples will help the student to judge whether or not a certain method is suitable for him or her.The best way to find free samples of classification essay is to visit some website where one can get them for free. The only disadvantage of using free samples is that one will not be able to judge if the writer is capable of writing a quality paper.

The Criminal Justice System Of The San Diego Sheriff s...

I interviewed Doug Brassington who worked for the San Diego Sheriff’s department for 23 years. He worked his way up to the rank of detective and also worked as a school resource officer. He enjoyed working as a school resource officer the most because he was helping students. He also told me his insights about the criminal justice system. First he explained that the minimum requirements to get hired was a high school degree, but many of the people he worked with had an Associates or Master’s degree. He said that he had a Master’s degree, which helped him get promoted to detective. Once a department hires someone they put them through all of the necessary training to perform the tasks required. So, even though the minimum requirement is a†¦show more content†¦He really enjoyed seeing how his work affected students’ lives for the better. His least favorite part of this job was dealing with the parents because a lot of parents would not believe that their child had done anything wrong, so they would not help turn their child away from dangerous activities. This perspective is interesting because it shows that parents do not always know what their child is doing and may be too stubborn to address an issue that concerns police. Then he explained to me how often police officers must testify in court. He mentioned that officers who do traffic stops must testify in court 3-5 times a week. They rarely have to appear in jury trials, and simply explain the situation to a judge. As a detective Brassington would have to testify in front of a jury 2-3 times every month. As we learned in chapter 8 relaying what happened to a victim or what was found at a crime scene would make police officers lay witnesses. Which means they explain to a jury the facts and what evidence was found at the scene. He believes that punishment should depend on the crime. If it is a minor crime like drug possession or petty theft they should pay a fine and be required to take classes that try to fix the behavior. If it is their first time caught committing a crime law enforcement must â€Å"put the fear of god in them.† Meaning that the police must work to deter them from committing another crime

Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1946 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/02/06 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Assisted Suicide Essay Euthanasia Essay Did you like this example? Introduction The Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. Although the right of life, liberty, and property are guaranteed, the right to die is not. Due to the absence of this right, the debate on whether assisted suicide and euthanasia should be legal has been carried out for decades. The Constitution guarantees us a generous amount of inalienable rights. These rights include freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and freedom from cruel and unusual punishment. With an abundance of personal freedoms and rights, should those in suffering be allowed to prematurely put their physical and mental torment to an end? Throughout this essay, I will define the concepts of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, provide background information, observations, opposing arguments, and offer my opinion on the subject. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide" essay for you Create order Background Information There are varying definitions of euthanasia and assisted suicide. Due to the multiplicity of definitions offered for the two concepts of euthanasia and assisted suicide, many arguments over the legality and moral soundness of both are presented. Despite the similarity between the two concepts, there is one useful distinction between the both of them. Euthanasia allows a physician to end a patient’s life in a painless manner, if granted permission by the patient and their family. In this case, the sole responsibility is put on the physician to bring the patient’s life to an end. Euthanasia is also broken down into two classifications. There is voluntary versus involuntary and passive versus active. Voluntary euthanasia is conducted with consent from the patient but involuntary euthanasia is conducted with the consent of someone else, such as a close family member, because the patient is unable to make the decision. Passive euthanasia is the withholding of life-sustaining treatments in order to speed up the suicidal process. Active euthanasia is the use of lethal substances to end a patient’s life. The practice of active euthanasia is more controversial and brings about arguments of moral, religious, and ethical soundness. Assisted suicide only allows the physician to assist the patient in suicide if it is requested. The patient is most likely supplied with lethal substances which can be self administered. Although there is a distinction between them, they are most commonly argued for or against together. The concepts of euthanasia and assisted suicide have been argued and debated since the 1800s. The â€Å"right to die† movement began to advocate for people’s right to euthanasia and assisted suicide. In 1938, the Euthanasia Society of America was founded in New York. The society lobbied for the acceptance of assisted suicide. In 1975, the ESA changed their name to the Society for the Right to Die. The following year, they had two major successes. The Natural Death Act was made law in California and the New Jersey Supreme Court reached a decision in their first ever â€Å"right to die† case. In 1980, The World Federation of Right to Die Societies was created to bring together all â€Å"organizations working to secure or protect the rights of individuals to self-determination at the end of their lives.† Other organizations have also formed such as the AAHS, Americans Against Human Suffering, to advocate for the same causes. Analysis and Competing Arguments Many sound and logical arguments are made for both sides of the issue. Different arguments are based on practical views, human rights, philosophy, and privacy. In the following section, I will identify many of the arguments made that both oppose and support the legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and provide brief reasonings and explanations. I will first analyse the pro argument and follow with the anti argument. Pro and anti-euthanasia beliefs are mainly based around the uncertain answer of one question†¦ Do humans have the right to die? Pro-euthanasia advocates believe that humans have the right to die. Humans should be allowed to make the choice of how and when they die, these things should all be a matter of personal choice. The right to die comes along with the right to life. Throughout life, we are able to make an overwhelming amount of choices for ourselves; we can decide if we want to attend college, we can choose who we want to marry, and we decide what kinds of food we put into our bodies. Along with these other choices, humans should have choices when it comes to the ends of their lives, especially if no harm is being caused to anyone else. Many pro-euthanasia advocates take on an empathetic viewpoint and believe terminally ill patients need to be shown more mercy. If someone has become victim to a terminal illness, they should have a choice about what happens to them. No one should be forced to live against their own will. When someone is suffering from intolerable and chronic pain, it is inhumane to deny them the choice of life or death. The inevitability of the matter is also brought into consideration. Euthanasia and suicides occur at alarming rates in the United States. Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death; every year around 44,965 Americans die by suicide. If someone has made the decision to put their suffering to an end they will find a way to do it, by any means. If euthanasia and suicides are going to occur anyways, it is preferred that they are regulated. If people are allowed to make these decisions for themselves it would also have a freeing effect on scarce health resources. Anti-euthanasia advocates believe the value and sanctity of life is being undermined. The practices of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide taint society’s respect for life. It also devalues the lives of the sick and disabled compared to others. Terminally ill and disabled people are now seen as less valuable as others. Many fear that voluntary euthanasia is the beginning of a slippery slope, which will lead to the act of involuntary euthanasia and the killing of ill patients who are considered valueless without consent. The belief that euthanasia would not be necessary if proper palliative care was being given is common. Palliative care is the specialized medical care for people with serious and life-threatening illnesses. The practice of euthanasia also contradicts a physician’s role as a healer and caretaker, who should be dedicated to saving lives instead of ending them. The search for cures and new healing treatments for terminally ill patients will be discouraged. The practice of euthanasia directly goes against the Hippocratic Oath, which states that the aim of medicine is to heal and not to kill. The Hippocratic Oath is an oath which is historically taken by physicians and it requires physicians to uphold specific ethical standards. Physicians are given too much power and play the role of God, which is wrong when it comes to religious arguments. God has given us free will to do with our lives whatever we choose, but it is wrong for us to commit suicide. The actions of euthanasia and assisted suicide deny God and his right to choose the lengths of our lives and the way we die. Non-religious people believe that suffering has value and offers us opportunities to grow. Lastly, it is assumed t hat an overwhelming pressure will be put on terminally ill people to end their lives. They will begin to view themselves as burdens and look to these methods as a solution. I do not agree with the practices of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. We are granted one life and we should treasure our blessings, whether they are successes or sufferings. God has a plan for everyone and to interfere with his plans for our lives is a great sin. My religion is the grounding of my moral compass. I hold strong to my faith and beliefs and cannot agree with something that strongly contradicts them. Observations and Recommended Policy Changes Many cases of assisted suicides and euthanasia have been reported in the recent years and have gained spotlight. In 2014, Britney Maynard, a California resident with stage four brain cancer moved to Oregon to exercise her right to assisted suicide. She was given lethal substances and chose to end her suffering at the age of 29, although she was urged by many to reconsider. The legal standing of euthanasia and assisted suicide in the United States still varies from state to state. As of March 2018, euthanasia and assisted suicide is now legal in the following states: Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Hawaii, Vermont, Montana, District of Columbia, and California. In the states of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Hawaii, Vermont, and District of Columbia the right to assisted suicide is mandated by state law. In the states of Montana and California the right is mandated by court ruling. The methods by which people are approved for assisted suicide and euthanasia vary from state to state. For example, in District of Columbia, in order for a patient to receive a lethal substance, they must make two verbal requests to a physician, which are separated by fifteen days. The patient must also submit a written request 48 hours before their second verbal request, which is signed and dated. Although the practices of assisted suicide and euthanasia are legal in these few states, the debate over whether they should remain legal has not come to a halt. In the state of California, the legal standing of physician-assisted suicide has gone through an irregular trial process. In May 2018, Daniel Ottolia, California’s Riverside Superior Court Judge, reversed the 2016 state law that allowed physicians to prescribe lethal substances to terminally ill patients. He views the law as unconstitutional because it was was passed by Legislature during a special session which was convened by Governor Jerry Brown for the purpose of addressing health care-related issues. On May 24, Judge Ottolia issued his judgment in favor of the plaintiffs and ended physician-assisted suicide in the state of California and a motion to vacate the judgment was rejected. In June 2018, the judgement which ended physician-assisted suicide was stayed in appeals court, which made it legal again in the state of California, which will remain pending until further litigation. It is recommended that more efforts should be put towards understanding in people’s beliefs about death and developing programs to accommodate these differences. It also recommended that there be an improvement in care for terminally ill patients who are approaching death; the deficiencies of care for the dying need to be eliminated. Conclusion Although death is inevitable for all humans, it comes sooner to some. Scientific and medical advances have welcomed in new methods of ending suffering and pain felt by those with life-threatening illnesses. Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are two methods at the center of historical arguments and questions. Should people be allowed to put an end to their pain and suffering along with the help of physicians? There are many answers to this question, coming from practical, religious, and historical viewpoints. There are logical arguments made for both sides of the argument which makes it all the more difficult for a conclusion to be reached on the issue. The improvement of care for those near death will lessen the demand for the legalization of euthanasia and assisted suicide, which will require changes in policies and actions. People need to be able to trust they will be treated well as they die. As humans, we all face death, is it our right to decide when we want to die? As Japanese writer, Haruki Murakami, believes â€Å" Death is not the opposite of life, but a part of it.† Perhaps it is time for us to change way we view death, in hopes of having a better understanding and acceptance of it.

The Consequences Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Human...

The incidences of antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens have increased at an alarming rate worldwide (Tanwar et al., 2014). Nature has been a potential source of medicinal agents for thousands of years and a notable amount of modern drugs have been isolated from natural products, many based on their use in traditional medicine. The relatively lower incidence of adverse reactions to plant preparations compared to modern conventional pharmaceuticals, coupled with their reduced cost, is encouraging both the consuming public and national health care institutions to consider plant medicines as alternatives to synthetic drugs. The present study showed significant antibacterial activity of andrographolide against Gram-positive strains†¦show more content†¦cheiranthifolium selectively affects Gram-positive bacteria (Mendoza et al., 2002). Copalic acid, another labdane diterpene, isolated from Copaifera langsdorffii is found to be active against a number of Gram-positive bacteria responsible for dental carries (Leandro et al., 2012). 6-alpha-malonyloxymanoyl oxide, isolated from Stemodia foliosa, is also active against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria containing Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. anthracis, Micrococcus luteus, Mycobacterium smegmatis (da Silva et al., 2008). The MBC was noted to be 0.5 mg/ml for S. aureus (MTCC 96) with andrographolide. Bacteriostatic activity is defined as a ratio of MBC to MIC of 4; therefore, andrographolide can act as bacteriostatic agent in this strain (Pankey and Sabath 2004). Mode of action could be confirmed by some biosynthetic pathway inhibition, as demonstrated by cell wall, DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. ~69% inhibition of DNA synthesis was estimated in S. aureus when treated with andrographolide. Approx 25% and 36% inhibition of RNA and protein biosynthesis was also observed respectively. A plausible explanation of this result is that, by impairing DNA synthesis, the compound might interfere with RNA and protein syntheses resulting in the downstream biosynthetic pathway inhibition.Show MoreRelatedDisease Essay Examples755 Words   |  4 PagesThought Paper: Pathogens Are Rare Virulence Varies Greatly Less than 1% of bacteria can invade our bodies and making us ill [5]. Such bacteria are pathogenic and have the potential to be disease causing. This means that the remaining 99% are rather ubiquitous in nature and serve beneficial purposes or have no effect on humans. Pathogens vary in complexity and those that remain are a direct result of successfully adapting to their environments and evolving over time to overcome selective evolutionaryRead MoreAntimicrobial Coatings And Its Effects On The Environment1373 Words   |  6 PagesAntimicrobial coatings/particles are becoming increasingly commonplace which is overall detrimental. Antimicrobial coatings are a coating that is applied to a surface that either kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. This has various applications in hospitals, industry, and at home. The two most common functions of antimicrobial coatings are to prevent illness from pathogens and prolong shelf life of products by inhibiting the growth of mould. 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The transmissibility of resistant organisms from animal to human hosts has been fundamental to this concern. Kathy Parsonnet and Edward Kass, conducted a study on women who compared Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the rate of contracting the disease. Parsonnet and Kass studied about seven hundred and fifty women from a meatRead MoreThe Discovery of Antibiotics by Alexander Fleming3198 Words   |  13 PagesThe discovery of antibiotics is attributed to Alexander Fleming who discovered the first antibiotic to be commercially used (Penicillin) in approximately 1928. An antibiotic, also known as an antimicrobial, is a medication that is taken in order to either destroy or slow the growth rate of bacteria. Antibiotics are integral to the success of many medical practises, such as; surgical procedures, organ transplants, the treatment of cancer and the treatment of the critically ill. (Ramanan Laxminarayan

Managing Customer Experience Relationships -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Managing Customer Experience Relationships? Answer: Introduction Thai Pothong is among the best-rated restaurants in Sydneys Newtown district. It is the favorite destination for Thai food lovers for almost 20years now. The attraction for this restaurant is its genuine Thai food, their perfect services and their mesmerizing Thai ambience (Yang, 2015). However, their services are very much customer satisfactory as concluded from personal experiences as well as their ratings from other customers. On the other hand, the Altitude Restaurant which is also situated in Sydney is providing the customers with a different experience because people can dine here viewing the beautiful city as the hostel at the very top with French cuisine. However, it has honored with many awards but still it lacks good customer experience. Body Proto-persona diagram for poor experience components Values and behaviors- Providing good quality food Specialization in French cuisine The customers can view the whole city while dining Diagram Demographic information Popular restaurant in Sydney Needs and goals Customer service needs special attention as it is not up to the mark Customer service management must be their goal to achieve loyal and satisfied customers. Values and behaviors- they serve good food to their customers, their specialty is French cuisine, it is a roof top restaurant thus, customers gets an additional benefit of viewing the whole city of Sydney and enjoying their dinner Demographic information- one of the popular restaurants in Sydney Needs and goals- the customer service was not up the mark as complained by many of the customers. Thus, their goal must be that they should focus more on their customer service management so that their customers remain more satisfied and loyal to them The most important pain points of Altitude restaurant is that their customers are not adequately informed about their rules and regulation. Their priority should be the customers need but they are not at all emphasizing on that that (MIRANI FARAHANI, 2015). The concept of Customer centricity from Customer experience management (CEM) can be applied here which explains that in any organization their main attention should be on the customers wants, necessities and beliefs while making any kind of decisions so that their business can succeed in the market (Peppers Rogers, 2016). This factor of prioritizing their customers was completely missing from their side. Another point was that the waiters are not well trained. They were found collecting the plates while the customer has not finished their foods. Thus, the concept of customer experience can be put to this that explains that the relationship the customer builds with any organization from the interaction they have with the employee s, their prospects and the processes (Teixeira et al., 2012). Thus, a good experience can be beneficial because the customer will definitely return but a bad experience like this will be insulting for the customers. Proto-persona diagram for good experience components Diagram Needs and goals More variations in their menu Making the cooked chicken little softer Demographic information located in the Newtown district of Sydney this restaurant doing business for more than 20 years They also opened new branches and takeaway stores. Values and behaviors Provides best services to their customers Food and ambience is also taken care of Values and behaviors- their main values that this restaurant has is to provide their customers with best services possible, the original Thai food and best ambience where their customers can spend an enjoyable moment Demographic information- located in the Newtown district of Sydney this restaurant is doing business for more than 20years. They have their branches in Marrickville and also shops for the customers who wants to takeaway food at Newtown train stations Needs and goals- they must come up with more variations in their foods. Very few customers have complaints about their chicken being rubbery. Thus, their goal must be to come cover up these few limitations Thus, it can be very well understood that their priority is their customers. They know that customers who visit restaurants want their food to be served as early as possible and they do exactly this. They are very quick at serving their customers with the foods they have ordered. Another positive point is that for the customers who love spicy food they have various delicious chili options. Thus, the concept of customer journey and customer experience is easily described here (Rai, 2012). The first concept says that the satisfaction of the customer depends on the total interaction the customers have from different aspects of the customer life cycle and the experience of the customer that they get interacting with the prospects and the services they are encounter with in an organization makes their experience satisfying and loyal (Spiess et al., 2014). Compare and contrast between the two experiences Altitude and Thai Pothong restaurant is among the well-known restaurants in Sydney. However, from personal experiences it has been found that Altitude provides a bad customer experience and Thai Pothong provides a better experience to their customers. The main reason is one applies the tactics of customer experience management (CEM) appropriately to their business where as the other do not. CEM is the discipline that the organization shows by paying complete attention to their activities and practices they apply in their business focusing mainly on the needs of the customers individually (Homburg, Jozi? Kuehnl, 2017). CEM is all about how an organization can engross their customers in a right way fully attending the needs and wants to each customer during the customers journey with the organization. Thus, Thai Pothong restaurant is found having better customer experience management because as observed from the personal experience and customers feedback that they have less complaints regarding their restaurants which means that their needs and wants are well satisfied by the restaurant. On the other hand, Altitude restaurant is not at all using this tactic, as they should. Their customers complain are high with low customer satisfaction. Both the restaurants have good quality food that is considered tasty by their customers. Nevertheless, the only lacking negative point that makes Altitudes customers disappointed is their lack of appropriate services to their customers. Thus, one restaurant is having a better customer satisfaction with high ratings in the market and the other is lacking far behind in managing their customers experience (Grnholdt et al., 2015). Conclusion To conclude this report, it can be said that customer experience management (CEM) is an important factor for any business. The two chosen restaurants Altitude and Thai Pothong are among the well know restaurants in Sydney but Thai Pothong uses the strategy of customer experience management in a smarted way whereas, Altitude lacks in the proper utility of the concepts of CEM. Therefore, Altitude restaurant provides a poor experience to their customers leaving them unsatisfied whereas, Thai Pothong is providing a good experience and fully emphasizing on their customers needs and expectations. Reference Grnholdt, L., Martensen, A., Jrgensen, S., Jensen, P. (2015). Customer experience management and business performance.International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences,7(1), 90-106. Homburg, C., Jozi?, D., Kuehnl, C. (2017). Customer experience management: toward implementing an evolving marketing concept.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,45(3), 377-401. MIRANI, S. Z., FARAHANI, B. M. (2015). PRIORITIZING THE FACTORS OF INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT AFFECTING ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN FAMILY CHAIN RESTAURANTS (CASE STUDY: FAMILY-CHAIN RESTAURANTS OF NARENJESTAN).International Journal of Marketing, Financial Services and Management Research,3(6). Peppers, D., Rogers, M. (2016).Managing Customer Experience and Relationships: A Strategic Framework. John Wiley Sons. Rai, A. K. (2012).Customer relationship management: Concepts and cases. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Spiess, J., T'Joens, Y., Dragnea, R., Spencer, P., Philippart, L. (2014). Using big data to improve customer experience and business performance.Bell Labs Technical Journal,18(4), 3-17. Teixeira, J., Patrcio, L., Nunes, N. J., Nbrega, L., Fisk, R. P., Constantine, L. (2012). Customer experience modeling: from customer experience to service design.Journal of Service Management,23(3), 362-376. Yang, R. (2015). Employee's personal competency, commitment, social interaction, job satisfaction and job performance and proposed organization development intervention: a case study of Thai Mee Co., Ltd.

6 Strategies to Successfully Pass a School Bond

6 Strategies to Successfully Pass a School Bond A school bond provides a financial avenue for school districts to meet an immediate specified need. These specified needs can range from a new school, classroom building, gymnasium, or cafeteria to repairing an existing building, new buses, upgrades in classroom technology or security, etc. A school bond issue must be voted on by the members of the community in which the school is located. Most states require a three-fifths (60%) super-majority vote to pass a bond. If the school bond passes, property owners in the community will foot the bill for the bond issue through increased property taxes. This can create a dilemma for voters in the community and is why many proposed bond issues do not receive enough â€Å"yes† votes to pass. It takes a lot of dedication, time, and hard work to pass a bond issue. When it passes it was well worth it, but when it fails it can be extremely disappointing. There is no exact science for passing a bond issue. However, there are strategies that when implemented can help improve the chances that the bond issue will pass. Build a Foundation The district superintendent and the school board are often the driving forces behind a school bond issue. They are also responsible for getting out into the community, building relationships, and keeping people informed about what is happening with the district. It is vital to have good standing relationships with powerful civic groups and key business owners within a community if you want your bond to be passed. This process should be continuous and ongoing over time. It should not happen just because you’re trying to pass a bond. A strong superintendent will make their school the focal point of the community. They will work hard to forge those relationships that will pay off in times of need. They will make community involvement a priority inviting members into the school not only see what is going on but to become a part of the process themselves. Potentially passing a bond issue is just one of the many rewards that come with this holistic approach to community involvement. Organize and Plan Perhaps the most crucial aspect of passing a school bond is to be well organized and to have a solid plan in place. This begins with forming a committee that is as dedicated to seeing the bond passed as you are. It is necessary to note that most states prohibit schools from using their own resources or time to lobby on behalf of a bond issue. If teachers or administrators are to participate on the committee, it must be on their own time. A strong committee will consist of school board members, administrators, teachers, advisory councils, business leaders, parents, and students. The committee should be kept as small as possible so that a consensus can be reached easier. The committee should discuss and create a detailed plan on all aspects of the bond including timing, finances, and campaigning. A specific task should be given to each committee member to carry out according to their individual strengths. A school bond campaign should start approximately two months before the vote is scheduled to occur. Everything occurring in those two months should be well thought out and planned in advance. No two bond campaigns are the same. It is likely that parts of the plan will have to be abandoned or changed after realizing that the approach is not working. Establish a Need It is essential to establish a real need in your bond campaign. Most districts have a list of projects that they believe need to be completed. When deciding what you are going to put in the bond it is vital to look at two factors: immediate need and investment in your student body. In other words, put projects on the ballot that will resonate with voters who understand the value of education and show them there is a need. Make those connections apart of your campaign and bundle things where appropriate. If you are trying to build a new gymnasium, package it as a multipurpose facility that will not only serve as a gymnasium but as a community center and auditorium so that it can be used by all students and not just a select few. If you are trying to pass a bond for new buses, be prepared to explain how much money you are currently spending to maintain your bus fleet that is outdated and run down. You can even use a deteriorated bus in your campaign by parking it in front of the school with information about the bond. Be Honest It is essential to be honest with the constituents in your district. Property owners want to know how much their taxes are going to go up if the bond issue is passed. You should not skirt around this issue. Be direct and honest with them and always use the opportunity to explain to them what their investment will do for students in the district. If you are not honest with them, you may pass the first bond issue, but it will be more difficult when you try to pass the next one. Campaign! Campaign! Campaign! When campaigning begins it is beneficial to keep the message simple. Be specific with your message including the voting date, how much the bond is for, and some simple highlights of what it will be used for. If a voter asks for more information, then be prepared with more details. Campaigning efforts should be holistic with a goal of getting the word out to every registered voter in the district. Campaigning occurs in many different forms, and each form may reach a different subset of constituents. Some of the most popular forms of campaigning include: Build a Website – Create a website that gives voters detailed information about the bond issue.Campaign Signs/Posters – Put campaign signs in supporters’ yards and posters in high traffic locations such as the post office.Speaking Engagements – Schedule speaking engagements with civic groups in the community such as the Senior Citizen Center, Masonic Lodge, etc.Organize a Voter Registration Drive – A voter registration drive allows you to recruit newcomers and potential supporters who might not vote otherwise.Door to Door Canvassing – Simple word of mouth campaigning may make the difference especially in reminding voters to get to the polls.Telephone Committee – A simple way to poll voters in the community as well as to inform them about the bond issue and to remind them to vote.Direct Mail – Send flyers highlighting the bond issue out a few days before the vote.Media – Use the media to get the message out when possible. Focus on Uncertainty There are some constituents that have their minds made up on a bond issue before you even decide to do it. Some people always vote yes, and some people always vote no. Do not waste time on trying to convince the â€Å"no† votes that they should vote â€Å"yes†. Instead, focus on getting those â€Å"yes† votes to the polls. However, it is most valuable to invest your time and effort on those in the community that have not decided. Visit with those on the fence 3-4 times throughout the campaign to try and sway them to vote â€Å"yes†. They are the people who will ultimately decide whether the bond passes or fails.

Black Solidarity essays

Black Solidarity essays " I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character" This quote above probably touches the entire part of both of the essay's that we will be discussing about, it is not just a quote but a prophesy that was fulfilled and a dream that came to be true for Dr king and for the African American society in the north American continent. Throughout time human civilization have battled each other due to the cause of differences in color and culture. it's still exists within our time, mankind has not found a solution to this problem but who knows this is just my opinion, although situation certainly have improved due to the course of time because the world as we know it was different in those days. The previous world has adjusted into a new world. where we have the privilege to make our choice on what we should do for our own choices on what we should do for our own as it suits us. In the old days when there was not muc h of civilization and the people restricted themselves to their own kind and also due to many other factors, it will not be an exaggeration to say that multi-culturalism and mixture of different race in America was unimaginable to some scholars. But it turned out very differently and later on race being a subject of debate whether it is genetic or social, let me give an example of a social activity that affects and shapes identity in the course of our daily life, I was raised in a very religious family, since my parents were Christians; the same belief was passed on to me and other cultural activities as well. In the essay race, culture, identity: misunderstood connections by Kwame Anthony Appiah and social identity and group solidarity by Tommie Shelby discusses on the issue both relat...

Revolutionary Leadership in Russian Revolution and the Arab Spring Essay

Revolutionary Leadership in Russian Revolution and the Arab Spring - Essay Example To start with, the general complexity of the given cases is the reason for drawing on their similarities and differences. In fact, it is not right to comprehend all the three revolutions in Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia as a general phenomenon. Moreover, it is hard to comprehend an overall process of the Russian revolution in a sketch too. Thus, it is necessary to determine the key leadership and the starting conditions of these four countries in order to provide any comparison between them. On the one hand, Anderson (2011) believes that Arab countries are different among all in terms of their economic ground and social fabric. In other words, by referring to the Arab Spring countries we consider three different in their internal environment states (Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya). For instance, the main forces for change in Tunisia were the local trade union (UGTT), lawyers, and journalists; but in Egypt, the revolution was headed by linked to the political opposition the April 6 Movement. H ence, the leadership of the Arab Spring is not the same not only in terms of concrete personalities but also in the social background of these forces. Furthermore, the key problems that encouraged these countries to change are also not the same. In the days prevailing the revolution, Tunisia was a tourist-oriented and powerful. In fact, the revolution in this country emerged as a response to the way â€Å"the Ben Ali family plundered the economy and repressed all autonomous attempts at political expressions†.

Public Finance in the Health Care System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public Finance in the Health Care System - Essay Example As of July 2013, the census Bureau of the US gives an estimation that the total population of this state of Vermont stood at 626, 630 people (Abrahamsen, 2012). This represented an increase of 0.14%, when compared to the census of 2010. The state of Vermont has an increase in the aging population, and on this basis, there is an increase in the provision of aging health care services within the economy of the state (Abrahamsen, 2012). The Allen Fletcher Health is considered as the biggest private health provider in the state of Vermont, with an employee base of around 7,100 people. As of the year 2010, the entire bill that patients in the hospital paid amounted to 3.76 billion dollars. Currently, 92,000 people have enrolled for the Medicare program. It is important to denote that as of 2011, Medicare was able to spend 740 million dollars on the health care of the state (Deary and sBrown, 2001). The financial capacity of the state is very stable, and it has been able to achieve a balanced budget, since the year 1991 (Deary and sBrown, 2001). The state has an enterprise fund, for purposes of sponsoring activities that would reduce social and economic problems like unemployment, drug abuse, etc. For purposes of understanding the economic strength of Vermont, the state has an individual’s per capita income of 38,306 dollars. On the other hand, the general size of the public sector is 24.3%, when compared to that of the private sector which amounts to 36.6% (Abrahamsen, 2012). Based on these grounds, the private sector is wider than the public sector. The tax system of this state is also favorable, and one of the unleast fair tax structure in the United States. This is because the tax structure gives income tax credit to low waged workers. This is for purposes of ensuring that there is an equitable distribution of resources. One of the health care reforms initiated

Little Drummer Kid Essay Example for Free

Little Drummer Kid Essay Back when I was a child I never asked for much. I never had much of an interest in toys and spent most of my time alone. Even at the age of 8 I was a deep thinker, always questioning why things happen the way they do. I was constantly observing the world around me as if I was on the outside. I learned to appreciate silence at such a young age and didn’t speak much. I only spoke when I was spoken to, and even then I’d give a short response. I felt like I had so much to say but never found the right way to say it. I never found my voice until my eighth birthday when I had received a present that would forever change my life and give me a voice. My parents knew that I had a deep interest in music, heavy metal in particular, and would often catch me outside pretending to play drums with small twigs as drumsticks and various sized rocks for drums. My stepfather was a singer and he played in bands all the time so I was used to seeing musical instruments and recording equipment throughout the house. I used to tell my mom that I wanted to be a talented drummer someday so I could be in a band with my stepfather. For about three months my mom kept hinting that if I was good, went to school, and made sure I was always cleaning up after myself that I would get a special present on my birthday. So along comes my birthday and we pull up to my grandmother’s house, which is where all my birthday parties were, and I can see all the Halloween decorations that she had made herself. My birthday is on October 28th so we always had Halloween parties for my birthday. My whole family would dress up in whatever they want, my grandmother would decorate the living room and kitchen with various creepy Halloween Jack o lanterns, fake spiders hanging from the ceiling which was made to look like a giant spider web, and the infamous electronic bat that she would hang on the ceiling fan so it looked like it was flying around in circles. The bat would often fly off the fan and hit someone in the head or get in someone’s food. It was something that everybody would be afraid to admit they actually enjoy. Even though it’s dangerous, everyone would burst  out laughing and start talking about how they knew it would happen eventually. I don’t remember too much about the actual party and I really can’t recall what presents I had gotten from other family members. All that was on my mind was what my mom had said 3 months prior. I made sure I was doing well in school, made my bed every morning and washed my dishes after I would eat. I was trying my best to be a good boy so I could get that â€Å"special present† that my mom had told me about. The party was slowing down and everyone was leaving so I got to say goodbye to everyone but I was pretty upset and let down. I got many gifts but none were what I actually wanted: a drum set. My parents and I were getting ready to leave and my excitement from the day had quickly faded. I just sulked around for the last few minutes while my mom packed up all my stuff and said goodbye to my grandmother. My mom looked at me while we were walking to the car and said, â€Å"Joey, don’t look so sad. There’s one more gift waiting for you at home. It w as too big to bring to your grandmas.† She had a big smile on her face and in that moment I knew exactly what she was talking about. Upon arriving at home I ran out of the car, up the stairs, and waited impatiently for my parents to hurry up and unlock the front door. They yelled to me, â€Å"Don’t you want your gifts out of the trunk before we go inside?† I truly didn’t care about those other gifts, so I just stood where I was and waited, bouncing up and down with a huge grin on my face. My mom came and unlocked the door quickly because she knew what I was waiting for. As soon as we went inside I ran off like a little maniac, running through the entire house, looking for a drum set. My mother seemed to be in shock. Normally I was a quiet and composed kid, but here I was running around, screaming, and she didn’t know what to do. As I ran by her for about the fifth time, she grabbed my arm and told me to relax and she would show me my present. She said it was in the basement but she wanted me to walk slowly with her so I didn’t fall down the stairs. We went down and at the bottom was this big thing covered with a giant sheet. I knew I had gotten what I’ve been wanting: A drum set. When I had first looked at it I was in complete amazement. This wasn’t a child sized drum set, which I’ve seen in music magazines. I was already big for my age so my parents didn’t want to buy something for me that I would grow out of quickly. So they decided to buy me a $2500 7-piece Pearl drum set. It was huge! My entire body at the time could have fit inside the floor  toms and the bass drums. I fell in love with it as soon as I saw it. It was painted all white and the drumheads were clear so I could see the inside of each drum. I remember staring in amazement just looking at the wood on the inside wondering how they get it to bend so perfectly into the shape of a circle. The first few moments looking at the drums are the fondest memories I have of my childhood. The way the light gleamed off of the shiny gold cymbals was mesmerizing and the smell of the wood was so strong that it had imagined the entire drum set being cut from trees and put together all in my basement just for me. A feeling of stillness and calm washed over me like a tide. For the first time in my life, even at that young age, I had felt fully at peace. It’s almost indescribable how intense this experience was. Before I had even picked up the drumsticks, I knew I had found my calling. It was late in the night and I understood that I wouldn’t be able to play right then and there, but I knew that I was going to start playing bright and early the next morning. That night I had sat up in my room and listened to almost every cd I had, trying to pay attention to the drum parts that I wanted to try and play. Before I knew it, the sun was up and I was ready to play drums for the first time. I decided to wait until my mom woke up before I would startle her out of bed with the loud crashing of cymbals. As soon as she woke up and came out of her room, she saw me sitting quietly at the kitchen table. She knew what I was waiting for and simple said, â€Å"Go ahead.† I had ran down the stairs so quickly that I think my feet only touched 2 steps. I finally picked up the drumsticks and sat down behind the entire drum set and looked out to the objects in the room like random boxes, chairs, and stuff that was down there for storage and pretended that they were all people and I was a rock star playing in front of a huge crowd. I didn’t waste any time and stated swinging the sticks. I had finally found my voice: through music. I seemed to have a natural talent and playing what I felt was easy for me from then on. I played my emotions and spoke my mind through that drum set. It made me feel so much more significant in the world. Playing drums is the most empowering thing I’ve ever found in my life. To this day I still play drums. I’ve been in about a dozen local bands and have played around 100 shows in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Though I currently do not play in bands, I still love playing for myself. It’s the most therapeutic thing for me. It channels all of my sadness,  anger, joy, and empathy into a form of art. It’s a healthy outlet for me especially with so many stressors in my life. I need drums in my life to help me deal with certain struggles. Even at my darkest times, my drums and all of my music have been right there with me and help me persevere through any obstacle that comes my way. I’m a drummer and that’s all I ever wanted. Even if I am never famous, I’m still content with everything I continue to create for myself.

Kent State :: essays research papers

Thirty Years Later- Kent State Thirty years later, just after noon, the Victory Bell again rings through the green grass of Kent State University's Commons. The bell rings twenty-seven times; one toll for each of the four students killed and nine wounded by the Ohio National Guard May 4, 1970, and 14 times in solidarity for the two students murdered and twelve wounded by Mississippi Highway Patrol at Jackson State University May 15, 1970 Kent State University officials stopped holding Commemoration ceremonies in 1975, but dedicated students have kept the ideals represented by the Kent State shootings alive. For the past twenty-five years, the students of the May 4th Task Force have organized the annual May 4th Commemoration ceremonies, bringing such speakers as Jane Fonda, William Kuntzler, Dr. Hellen Caldicot and performers including Peter, Paul and Mary, Joan Baez and Crosby, Stills and Nash. Co-chair of the May 4th Task Force from 1995-98, and still considered the backbone of the organization by many students, Kent State senior Wendy Semon believes that continued student activism is the true remembrance of May 4, 1970. "The living legacy of those four students is activism," Semon states. "The only appropriate way students of today can keep that legacy alive is to promote activism and educate others." This year, the Task Force brought some of America s most prominent leaders of social and political change to embody all facets of the current movement. These speakers include; the American Indian Movement's Vernon Bellecourt, environmental and social justice advocate Julia Butterfly Hill, Phi ladelphia's MOVE member Ramona Africa, Global Exchange's Julliette Beck, political prisoner Mumia Abu-Jamal and world-renowned political theorist Noam Chomsky. Kent State junior Jeff Ritter, and current co-chair of the May 4th Task Force feels that this year's Commemoration reflects the unification of the current national movement. "So many movements are represented here today, the American Indian Movement, the environmental movement, anti-globalization, the MOVE organization. It's a real symbol of solidarity, of all the things that are going on today." Kent graduate student Kabir Syed, a ten-year member of the May 4th Task Force sees the Commemoration as a place for political activists to gather and connect with one another. "The wide variety of issues speaks to the growth of the social-political movement which exists in the U.S. We see a range, and yet, an integration of ideology here today. Though there are differences between us, we are growing aware that these differences need not separate us from accomplishing our tasks.

Psychological Testing Article Analysis Essay

Psychological testing is a tool to properly assess behaviors and characteristics of individuals. Results of psychological testing are often presented through statistical tables that allow evaluation and comparison of the different variables tested against set norms. This paper will review an article lifted from the Health Psychology journal and determine the appropriateness of the psychological testing instruments used in the study. For this purpose, the article chosen is â€Å"Evolution of Biopsychosocial Model: Prospects and Challenges for Health Psychology† written by Jerry Suls and Alex Rothman in 2004. Article Summary The Biopsychosocial Model has enabled health psychologists in the search for a multi-level, multi-system approach to human functioning (Suls & Rothman, 2004). This idea is based on the premise that there is an intrinsic relationship between what is physical, psychological and social. However according to the research of Suls and Rothman, there are marked challenges that the model faces that have essentially impeded the progress of its full potential as a research, intervention and practice tool. The article’s ultimate goal was to determine what can be done to ensure the continuous refinement and evolution of the biopsychosocial model (Suls & Rothman, 2004). As a means to determine the viability of the biopsychosocial model as a multi-faceted instrument to help explain an individual’s health psychology, Suls and Rothman resorted to the use of statistical tests in psychology. By conducting frequency tests and factor analysis, the team of Suls and Rothman came up with a list of recommendations in the model’s areas of research, training, policy and funding, and practice. These recommendations are to further utilization of the links between biological, psychological, social, and even macro-cultural variables, with the ultimate aim of enhancing health (2004). Through the tests five issues were also identified to be crucial in the progress of the biopsychosocial model as a legitimate approach to health assessment. The article concluded by highlighting the various advancements in health psychology, particularly with the biopsychosocial model. However, Suls and Rothman stressed that the full potential of the model in terms of the ability to advance the theory and practice remain untapped (2004). Only a strong commitment to the model and it implications would establish long-term success of its involvement in health psychology (Suls & Rothman, 2004). Psychological Testing Instruments Used The article of Suls and Rothman did not explicitly discuss the test they used to assess the biopsychosocial model. In spite of this, it can be deduced from the tables they presented and the discussion of their findings that they relied on statistical tests in psychology in data-gathering. Statistical tests are commonly used to analyze results of a psychological research (Green & D’Oliveria, 1982). In fact many social sciences, particularly psychology, necessitate the use of statistical inference to explain findings (Meehl, 1967). In this particular article where the bulk of the fact-finding are based on peer research, two statistical tests in psychology were used. Suls and Rothman conducted frequency tests two times in their research study. Frequency tests are the most helpful tool when comparing data against each other (Lane, 2004). Through frequency tests, marked differences in independent variables are clearly distinguished. To measure the progression of the biopsychosocial model as a accepted concept in health psychology, Suls and Rothman conducted a frequency test on the use of the term â€Å"biopsychosocial† in journals and articles of Medline from 1974 to 2001, totals of which were group into a 3-year period interval (2004). Suls and Rothman likewise applied a frequency test to measure the integration of behavioral approaches to medical science in the study (2004). They reviewed articles in 4 major medical journals namely New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, Journal of the American Medical Association, and the Annals of Internal Medicine between the years of 1974 and 2001 (Suls and Rothman, 2004). Once again, they grouped the results into 3-year period intervals. From the raw frequency scores collected, they were able to produce a frequency polygon. A frequency polygon is the best way to present data gathered from frequency tests because it shows the shape of distribution of measured variables (Lane, 2004). Apart from frequency tests, Suls and Rothman also used factor analysis test. Factor analysis is one of the most commonly used statistical tests in various disciplines. It is used to determine patterns of relationships between variables (Gorsuch, 1983). In the area of psychology, factor analysis is commonly applied in intelligence research but it can also be used in other areas, like personality, behavior, belief, and even theory assessment. In this instance, factor analysis was used to assess the attitude of health psychologists towards the biopsychosocial model. The biopsychosocial model is dependent on the interaction between the biological, psychological, and social factors within an individual (Suls and Rothman, 2004). Suls and Rothman theorized that health psychologists are more likely to focus heavily on the psychological factor alone in the biopsychosocial model (2004). Therefore they used factor analysis to measure the presence of all the factors in articles written within a 12-month period, November 2001-September 2002 in Health Psychology. This particular application is called confirmatory factor analysis. It is used when the concern is to determine the number of variables that conform to a pre-determined theory set (Gorsuch, 1983). The value of this test is to assess the validity of preconceived ideas. In the case of Suls and Rothman’s study, it is the leaning of health psychologists towards psychological factors to assess an individual’s health. The article of Suls and Rothman did not make use of any standardized psychological testing instruments. The reason may be due to the fact that it is a study aimed at determining the advancement of a framework of health assessment. However, they still integrated valuable statistical testing in psychology to explain clearly the findings they have gathered. Effectiveness of the Psychological Testing Instruments Used The main premise of Suls and Rothman’s article is that the biopsychosocial model has proven remarkably successful in shaping the way health psychologists view an individual’s overall functioning (Suls and Rothman, 2004). To prove this point, the team proceeded to measure the familiarity of the concept among health psychologists by reviewing published journals in Medline, and four other notable medical journals. The raw data collected was then subjected to different statistical tests commonly applied in the field of psychology. From there Suls and Rothman were able to formulate recommendations vital to the advancement of the biopsychosocial model as a valid instrument in health assessment. The effectiveness of psychological testing is based mainly on two factors, validity and reliability. Validity measures the soundness of a test against its set objectives. On the other hand reliability measures the accuracy of the test in terms of producing consistent results. To determine whether the result of psychological testing is effective, researchers usually turn to statistical tests. In this case where no standardized psychological testing instruments were used, the effectiveness of the study may be directly correlated with the quality of the results produced by the statistical tests used by Suls and Rothman. Suls and Rothman resorted to frequency test to explain their findings on the use of â€Å"biopsychosocial† as a term in medical journals. The test confirmed their initial assumption that the biopsychosocial model has helped in advancing health psychology in the last 25 years. The frequency test showed a consistent rise in the use of â€Å"biopsychosocial† as a term in medical journals. However, Suls and Rothman are quick to stress that this may also be due to the increase of the number of articles published that deal with behavior in recent years (2004). They also used frequency test to assess the integration of behavioral approach to medical science (Suls & Rothman, 2004). The results attested as well to the increased integration of behavioral approaches to medical science in the last 30 years (Suls & Rothman, 2004). Finally a factor analysis test was conducted to determine the reliance of health psychologists on the variables essential to the biopsychosocial model. The factor analysis test clearly showed that health psychologists are still biased in considering psychological issues over biological, and even social. This correctly proved the initial postulation of Suls and Rothman. Considering that the statistical tests in psychology used in the research of Suls and Rothman ably supported their theory, it can be said that they were effective. However, since the study is mostly a review of journals it is not enough to completely determine the actual advancement of the biopsychosocial model as a tool for health assessment. George Schwartz in his book suggested that the biopsychosocial model faces a challenge with the use of empirical testing (1982). Empirical testing is a vital component to any psychological research. Another is that the model remains a concept in research. It has yet to transcend from research to practice, then back to research (Keefe, Buffington, Studts & Rumble, 2002). This is when the recommendations of Suls and Rothman become important. They were able to identify important areas that are tangible and measurable that will help in the transition of the model from a mere conceptual framework to a fully working tool in health assessment. As a stand-alone article, Suls and Rothman presented a thorough exposition of their chosen subject. However, based on the criteria of the article review, it did not meet the standards required. The fundamental component needed in the review is psychological testing in which the article did not have. On the other hand, the statistical tests were very helpful in understanding the basis of Suls’ and Rothman’s conclusion. Considering the statistical tests were properly chosen and used, it can be concluded that in the end the article of Suls and Rothman was a success. References Gorsuch, R. (1983). Factor analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Green, J. & D’Oliveria, M. (1982). Learning to use statistical tests in psychology 3rd edition. NY: Open University. Keefe, F. , Buffington, A. , Studts, J. , & Rumble, M. (2002). Behavioral medicine: 2002 and beyond. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 852-856. Lane, D. (2004, Augus 10). Frequency polygons. Connections. Retrieved August 25, 2010,

Persuasive Speech Essay - 1059 Words

â€Å"I don’t belong here.† Lucy cried. â€Å"What is my purpose?† A few months earlier, Lucy is a very gifted girl. She has red rough hair, light blue eyes, and a big beautiful smile. Lucy is always sent from home to home because her parents died in a car crash when she was 5. She’s always getting bullied for how she dresses. Lucy has one thing to keep her calm, and that is art. Lucy loves art. She feels that it helps her express her emotions. The only person she can go to is Mrs.Ronald (the art teacher). Mrs.Ronald gives Lucy extra supplies so she can paint. Lucy never told anyone about the kids bullying her. They’ll always say, â€Å"Lucy is a loser!† The funny part is that they try to make random things rhyme. Some days Lucy wonders what it will be†¦show more content†¦From that day Perrie and Lucy were friends. After lunch Lucy had art. Mrs.Ronald asked Lucy, â€Å"Is that youre new friend?† â€Å"We met at lunch† Perrie said, butting in. The assignment today was to draw a picture of your family. All Lucy drew was herself. Perrie drew 3 sisters, 4 brothers, and her mom and dad. â€Å"Where is the rest of your family?† Perrie asked. â€Å"They died in a car crash, so im basically by myself. I live with a foster mom , but she’s really not my â€Å"family†. â€Å"I’m sorry† Perrie said, looking down. Before they knew it class was over. It was finally time to go. While Lucy was walking to her locker the same people that bothered her first period is back. They knocked down her books. Then, pushed and shoved her. Luke said, â€Å"Why don’t you just go home and never come back.† I probably won’t. She picked up all her stuff and stormed off crying a river. Later that day, Lucy made it to her foster home. â€Å"Hey honey, how was your day?† Lucy’s foster mom asked. â€Å"Hi† Lucy murmured.. â€Å"What’s wrong with you?† Lucy’s mom asked. Lucy shouted, â€Å"Nothing, I just want to be alone.† She went, to her room and started to write notes to her loved ones. She wrote one to Perrie telling her sorry for leaving so soon. She also said that she was a very great friend. She wrote one to her foster mom telling her that she was her favorite foster parent. Finally, she wrote one to Mrs.Ronald telling her thank for making believe in herself andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Persuasive Speech 822 Words   |  4 PagesAshley Buckner Persuasive Speech COMM210D 4/20/12 Why should you smile? I. Imagine: you wake up in the morning. You get ready and grab a cup of coffee. Then, you walk out the door, seeing many faces as you make your way to work, and walk up to your building. When you walk inside expecting to be greeted by many more positive faces, you see none, and so you walk over and sit down at your desk. 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